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Whole-body air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is a recognized and scientifically validated densitometric method to measure human body composition. ADP is based on the same principles as the Gold Standard method of hydrostatic weighing, but through a densitometric technique that uses air displacement rather than water immersion. Air-displacement plethysmography offers several advantages over established reference methods, including a quick, comfortable, automated, noninvasive, and safe measurement process, and accommodates various subject types (e.g., children, obese, elderly, and disabled persons).〔Fields, D. A. et al.("Body-composition assessment via air-displacement plethysmography in adults and children: a review" ) Am J Clin Nutr 75(3):453-67 (2002)〕 ==ADP History== The principles of plethysmography were first applied to the measurement of the body volume and composition of infants in the early 1900s, but it was not until the 1960s that relatively stable measurements were achieved. However, these systems required that ambient conditions be maintained constant. Applications in humans have been limited, in part by technical difficulties in adjusting for irregularities in temperature and humidity of the air next to the skin and the air. Because of inconveniences such as these and various technology difficulties, none of the early air-displacement plethysmographs were ever developed for common, everyday use.〔 Later experimental air-displacement plethysmographs developed in the 1980s were more advanced technologically, but it was only in the mid-1990s, that the first commercially available air-displacement plethysmograph was introduced for adults〔Dempster, P. et al. ("A new air displacement method for the determination of human body composition." ) Med Sci Sports Exerc;27(12):1692-7. (1995)〕 and early 2000 for infants〔Urlando, A. et al. ("A new air displacement plethysmograph for the measurement of body composition in infants." ) Pediatr Res;53(3):486-92 (2003)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Whole-body air displacement plethysmography」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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